Instituted by Cosimo I de'Medici, in 1561. Type II. Civil Division. A rare decoration, in bronze gilt presenting a Maltese cross of red glass arms, with smooth rays in each quadrant and in the knee of each arm, on top of the smooth rays is an ornate floral applique, the reverse presents an iron pin with dual stays, with four large rivets in the center for each arm, measures 72mm (w) x 71.80mm (h), weighs 46.1 grams, lovely patina, in extremely fine condition.
Footnote: The Military Order of Saint Stephen was originally founded by Cosimo I de'Medici, First Grand Duke of Tuscany, in commemoration of his victory over the French in August 1554. It was officially confirmed by Pope Pius IV in 1561. Membership eligibility was restricted to individuals capable of tracing their noble lineage back 4 generations on both sides of their family. They must also be practitioners of the Catholic faith and be a minimum of 18 years old.