(Orden Militar de San Fernando). Instituted 1811 by General Courts of Cadiz; approved 1814 by King Ferdinand VII of Spain. Type II. Alfonso XII issue. An exceptional pierced Maltese Cross with ball finials in silver, obverse medallion in Gold featuring four superposed enameled red swords connected by the hilts, on an enameled white background, surrounded by elegant enameled blue border with the inscription AL MERITO MILITAR (To Military Merit), reverse with period vertical pin assembly, measuring 63.18 mm (w) x 62.61 mm (h), presenting slight toned silver on the arms, with stained white enamels and minor enamel loss, otherwise extremely fine.
Footnote: The Royal and Military Order of Saint Ferdinand was founded in Spain as National Order of St. Ferdinand by the General Courts of Cadiz on August 31, 1811. It was approved by King Fernando VII/Ferdinand VII on November 28, 1814; and it was renamed Royal and Military Order of St. Ferdinand in 1815. The Order was instituted to reward the military personnel who defeated Napoleon’s army in the Peninsular War (1807-1814). The Order was mainly conferred upon European royal armies from Spain, Great Britain, Portugal, France, among other.

