Includes:
1. Order of Military Merit, Cross with White Distinction, c. 1936-1975 (Orden del Mérito Militar). Instituted in 1864. Four-piece construction, in bronze gilt with red, white and blue enamels, the white cross indicative of peacetime merit, measuring 41.7 mm (w) x 54 mm (h) inclusive of its crown suspension, intact enamels, glue residue evident on the white enamels of the cross due to repositioning of the obverse centrepiece, original peacetime ribbon, suspended from a traditional horizontal hanger with pinback.
2. Spanish Civil War Medal for the Campaign of 1936-1939 (Medalla de la Campana 1936-1939). Instituted in 1937. In blackened and gilt bronze, measuring 37 mm (w) x 41.5 mm (h) inclusive of its laterally-pierced ball suspension, scattered blackening wear, lightly soiled original ribbon, suspended from a traditional horizontal hanger with pinback.
Very fine and near extremely fine, respectively.
Footnotes:
1. The Order of Military Merit was instituted on August 3, 1864 by Queen Isabel II, revised in 1931, 1936, 1942, 1970, 1977, 1995 and 2003. It is awarded for acts of bravery, distinction, service or merit by members of the Armed Forces, or civilians in support of the military, in two grades: Grand Cross and Cross, in four Divisions: Red, Blue, Yellow, and White.
2. The Spanish Civil War Medal for the Campaign of 1936-1939 was established on January 26, 1937 and awarded to members of the Falangist forces fighting against the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War. The date on the medal of July 17, 1936 is that of the beginning of the armed rebellion against the Republican government. The rebels failed to take control of major cities, including Madrid and Barcelona, although the government could not successfully suppress the uprising. A long and bloody civil war followed and lasted until April 1, 1939. This led to atrocities on both sides and eventual victory for the conservative rebels.