Vatican. A Mentana Cross, Type I with Three Clasps, c.1870
(Croce "Fidel et virtvti" detta "di Mentana"). Instituted in 1867. 3 Clasps - MONTE ROTONDO, NEROLA, ROMA. In nickel, measuring 41.5 mm (w) x 48.8 mm (h) inclusive of its laterally-pierced ball suspension, light contact, spotting, accompanied by an original ribbon with the three clasps affixed, better than very fine. Footnote: This Cross was instituted on November 14, 1867 by Pope Pius IX, in commemoration of the Battle of Mentana, and the other battles that were fought to protect Rome against Garibaldi. The Cross was awarded to Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, and all other ranks of men in the Papal Army and French Corps who participated in these battles. This is the Type I "Official Version" which was manufactured in both nickel and in war materials. The ribbon may be decorated with clasps associated with the battles in which the recipient participated, including "BAGNOREA", "VITERBO", "NEROLA", "ACQUAPENDENTE", "MONTE-LIBRETTI", "MONTE-ROTONDO", "ROMA" and "MENTANA". There was a Type II "Un-Official" Version created for Officers that was manufactured in both silver and silvered war materials.

